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Enka is a popular genre of Japanese music that originated in the early 20th century. The word "enka" literally means "Japanese ballad" and is characterized by its melancholic melodies and sentimental lyrics. Enka is often associated with traditional Japanese culture and has a nostalgic quality that is deeply rooted in the country's history.

Enka music is typically performed by solo singers or small groups, accompanied by a traditional Japanese orchestra that includes instruments such as the shamisen (a three-stringed instrument), taiko drums, and the koto (a stringed instrument). The style of singing in enka is unique, with a strong emphasis on vibrato and a distinct vocal style that is often described as "sobbing" or "crying."

Enka's popularity peaked in the 1960s and 1970s, but it still has a dedicated following in Japan today. Many of the most famous enka singers are older performers who have been active in the genre for decades, such as Hibari Misora, Saburo Kitajima, and Yuzo Kayama.

Enka songs often tell stories of love, loss, and nostalgia, and are often associated with themes of Japanese culture and history. Some enka songs are written in a traditional poetic form known as tanka, which is composed of 31 syllables arranged in a specific pattern.

Enka is often played on Japanese radio stations, particularly those that specialize in traditional music. The genre has also gained a following outside of Japan, particularly in countries with large Japanese communities such as the United States and Brazil.

Despite its age, enka remains a beloved and enduring genre of Japanese music that continues to inspire new generations of listeners with its emotional and powerful melodies.